{"id":11745,"date":"2025-12-22T15:11:09","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T07:11:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/modern_literature\/?p=11745"},"modified":"2025-12-22T15:11:09","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T07:11:09","slug":"%e7%8f%8d%ef%bc%8e%e5%a5%a7%e6%96%af%e6%b1%80%e5%87%ba%e7%89%88%e8%bb%bc%e4%ba%8b%ef%bc%8f%e9%8d%be%e8%8a%b3%e7%8e%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/modern_literature\/?p=11745","title":{"rendered":"\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u51fa\u7248\u8efc\u4e8b\uff0f\u937e\u82b3\u73b2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u81ea\u7531\u526f\u520a\uff0e\u8aaa\u66f8\uff0eSpeaking of Books\u3011 \u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u51fa\u7248\u8efc\u4e8b\uff0f\u937e\u82b3\u73b2<\/span><\/strong>
\n2025\/12\/12 05:30<\/p>\n

\n

\"\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7248\u756b\u50cf\uff0c\u662f\u4f9d\u7167\u5979\u7684\u59ca\u59ca\u5361\u73ca\u5353\u62c9\u70ba\u5979\u505a\u7684\u6c34\u5f69\u4eba\u50cf\u756b\u70ba\u5e95\u672c\u3002\"<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u6700\u70ba\u4eba\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7248\u756b\u50cf\uff0c\u662f\u4f9d\u7167\u5979\u7684\u59ca\u59ca\u5361\u73ca\u5353\u62c9\u70ba\u5979\u505a\u7684\u6c34\u5f69\u4eba\u50cf\u756b\u70ba\u5e95\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u7de8\u8f2f\u5ba4\u5831\u544a\u3011
\n\u82f1\u570b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\uff08Jane Austen\uff0c1775-1817\uff09\u5beb\u6d3b\u4e8618\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u300119\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u9762\u5c0d\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u5a5a\u59fb\u8207\u793e\u6703\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5343\u7d72\u842c\u7e37\uff0c\u901d\u4e16\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u751f\u547d\u4ecd\u7121\u9650\u5ef6\u9577\uff0c\u4e14\u591a\u6b21\u88ab\u7ffb\u62cd\u70ba\u5f71\u96c6\u8207\u96fb\u5f71\uff0c\u851a\u70ba\u7d93\u5178\u3002\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5373\u5c07\u572812\u670816\u65e5\u8fce\u4f86\u4e8c\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u6b72\u51a5\u8a95\uff0c\u611b\u66f8\u4eba\u937e\u82b3\u73b2\u7279\u5225\u64b0\u5beb\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f4d\u5099\u53d7\u5bf5\u611b\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6\uff0c\u751f\u524d\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u906d\u9047\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5f9e\u4e2d\u7aba\u898b\u4e00\u540d\u5973\u6027\u5beb\u4f5c\u8005\u600e\u6a23\u8207\u5979\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u4ea4\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2605\u2605\u2605<\/p>\n

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\n\u53ea\u8981\u63d0\u8d77\u300a\u7406\u6027\u8207\u611f\u6027\u300b\u3001\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u66c9\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u4f5c\u5bb6\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u3002\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u65bc1811\u30011813\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u9019\u5169\u90e8\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5f8c\uff0c\u53c8\u65bc1814\u30011816\u5e74\u63a5\u7e8c\u51fa\u4e86\u300a\u66fc\u65af\u83f2\u723e\u5fb7\u838a\u5712\u300b\u8207\u300a\u827e\u746a\u300b\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc1817\u5e74\u5979\u624d\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u6b72\u5c31\u96e2\u4e16\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u5e7e\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e5\u5f8c\u537b\u6210\u4e86\u7d93\u5178\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u5979\u8a95\u751f\u4e8c\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u9031\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5979\u751f\u65e5\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u4f86\u804a\u804a\u6709\u95dc\u5979\u65e9\u5e74\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u8efc\u4e8b\u8207\u8da3\u805e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u533f\u540d\u7522\u4e0b\u300c\u89aa\u611b\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u300d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\"\u3010\u81ea\u7531\u526f\u520a\uff0e\u8aaa\u66f8\uff0eSpeaking<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u5377\u672c\u7684\u9996\u7248\u300a\u7406\u6027\u8207\u611f\u6027\u300b\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u88dd\u5e40\u6750\u8cea\u70ba\u7c21\u6a38\u7684\u786c\u7d19\u677f\u3002\uff08Courtesy of Peter Harrington\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u300a\u7406\u6027\u8207\u611f\u6027\u300b\u521d\u7248\u7684\u66f8\u540d\u9801\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u540d\uff0c\u53ea\u544a\u77e5\u6b64\u66f8\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u58eb\u6240\u5beb\u3002\"<\/a><\/span><\/span>
\n\u300a\u7406\u6027\u8207\u611f\u6027\u300b\u521d\u7248\u7684\u66f8\u540d\u9801\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u540d\uff0c\u53ea\u544a\u77e5\u6b64\u66f8\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u58eb\u6240\u5beb\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u81f3\u65bc\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u66f8\u300a\u827e\u746a\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u4e26\u672a\u843d\u843d\u9577\u5730\u628a\u524d\u4e09\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u90fd\u5217\u51fa\uff0c\u50c5\u7c21\u8ff0\u300c\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u66f8\u4e4b\u4f5c\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4e5f\u7a81\u986f\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5c0d\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u591a\u6240\u937e\u611b\u3002\u5979\u57281813\u5e741\u670829\u65e5\u7d66\u59ca\u59ca\u5361\u73ca\u5353\u62c9\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u4fe1\u88e1\uff0c\u628a\u525b\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u66b1\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u89aa\u611b\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u300d\uff08darling Child\uff1bChild\u7279\u5225\u7528\u5927\u5beb\uff09\uff0c\u591a\u6578\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u8ab0\u4e0d\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u8996\u70ba\u300c\u89aa\u611b\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u70ba\u5947\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u88e1\uff0c\u5979\u5c0d\u5361\u73ca\u5353\u62c9\u5766\u8a00\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4f0a\u8389\u838e\u767d\uff08\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u4e3b\u89d2 \uff09\u662f\u5370\u5237\u54c1\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\u6700\u70ba\u6109\u6085\u7684\u53ef\u4eba\u5152\uff0c\u5979\u771f\u4e0d\u77e5\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u5bb9\u5fcd\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c0d\u4f0a\u8389\u838e\u767d\u4e00\u9ede\u4e5f\u4e0d\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8868\u9054\u5982\u6b64\u6fc0\u70c8\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u975e\u540c\u5c0f\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u56db\u90e8\u66f8\uff0c\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u5171\u901a\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u66f8\u9801\u5c3a\u5bf8\u9817\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u4e8c\u958b\uff08\u7d0418\u00d711\u516c\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u6bcf\u90e8\u66f8\u90fd\u662f\u4e09\u5377\u672c\uff08\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248\u6539\u70ba\u5169\u5377\u672c\uff09\uff1b\u5176\u5be6\u66f8\u9801\u82e5\u7528\u5927\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3001\u5b57\u9ad4\u7a0d\u5fae\u7e2e\u5c0f\u4e9b\uff0c\u55ae\u5377\u672c\u5c31\u8db3\u5920\u4e86\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u518a\uff0c\u81ea\u6709\u5176\u9053\u7406\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u66f8\u4e26\u4e0d\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff0c\u4e00\u5957\u4e09\u5377\u672c\u7684\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u6a19\u50f9\u5341\u516b\u5148\u4ee4\uff08\u73fe\u4eca\u7d04\u4e94\u5341\u4e94\u82f1\u938a\uff09\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u53bb\u6d41\u901a\u5716\u66f8\u9928\uff08circulating library\uff1b\u985e\u4f3c\u79df\u66f8\u5e97\uff09\u79df\u501f\u66f8\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6d41\u901a\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u9084\u662f\u7531\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u8207\u66f8\u5546\u7d93\u71df\uff1b\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u8b80\u8005\u81ea\u7d44\u793e\u5718\uff0c\u6210\u54e1\u96c6\u8cc7\u8cfc\u8cb7\u66f8\u7c4d\u4e26\u8f2a\u6d41\u501f\u95b1\u3002\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u62c6\u6210\u6578\u518a\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u8b93\u6574\u9ad4\u66f8\u91cf\u589e\u591a\u3001\u8b80\u8005\u7684\u501f\u9084\u983b\u7387\u4e5f\u52a0\u5feb\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u90a3\u6642\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u6216\u5bb6\u5ead\u805a\u6703\uff0c\u6717\u8b80\u7d93\u5e38\u662f\u9918\u8208\u7bc0\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u6367\u8457\u66f8\u8b80\u7d66\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u807d\uff0c\u66f8\u7c4d\u904e\u5927\u3001\u904e\u91cd\uff0c\u5c0d\u6717\u8b80\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u8ca0\u64d4\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u9673\u5e74\u7248\u756b\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u6642\u4ee3\u6d41\u901a\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\uff0c\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u5973\u6027\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5ba2\u7fa4\u3002\"<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u9673\u5e74\u7248\u756b\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u6642\u4ee3\u6d41\u901a\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\uff0c\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u5973\u6027\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5ba2\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u88ab\u8feb\u984c\u737b\uff0c\u53ea\u56e0\u738b\u5b50\u4e5f\u611b\u8b80<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u64c1\u66f8\u4e4b\u4eba\u5f80\u5f80\u628a\u66f8\u9001\u53bb\u88dd\u5e40\u5de5\u574a\uff0c\u4f9d\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u54c1\u5473\u8207\u9810\u7b97\uff0c\u88dd\u5e40\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\u3002\u5c01\u9762\u53ef\u9078\u7528\u7f8a\u76ae\u3001\u72a2\u76ae\u3001\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u7d0b\u7d19\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u8cea\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u91d1\u5c6c\u5de5\u5177\u58d3\u5370\u51fa\u51f9\u51f8\u7684\u7d0b\u98fe\u6216\u71d9\u91d1\uff0c\u66f8\u53e3\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8272\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8cb4\u65cf\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5c01\u9762\u5370\u4e0a\u4ed6\u5011\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u5fbd\u7ae0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u65e9\u671f\u51fa\u7248\u6642\uff0c\u5c01\u9762\u88dd\u5e40\u90fd\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u967d\u6625\u7684\u786c\u7d19\u677f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u671f\u5f85\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u4e45\u3002\u539f\u6c41\u539f\u5473\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u88dd\u5e40\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u66f8\u6cc1\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f97\u5b9c\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u50f9\u683c\u6bd4\u91cd\u65b0\u88dd\u5e40\u4e4b\u66f8\u9084\u8981\u6602\u8cb4\u8a31\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u827e\u746a\u300b\u662f\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u6709\u984c\u737b\u9801\u4e4b\u66f8\uff0c\u737b\u8a5e\u5beb\u8457\uff1a\u300c\u8b39\u81f4\u651d\u653f\u738b\u5b50\u6bbf\u4e0b\uff0c\u672c\u66f8\u7d93\u6bbf\u4e0b\u8a31\u53ef\uff0c\u7531\u6bbf\u4e0b\u76e1\u8cac\u3001\u606d\u9806\u3001\u8b19\u5351\u7684\u50d5\u5f79\u4ee5\u6700\u5d07\u9ad8\u7684\u656c\u610f\u737b\u4e0a\u2500\u2500\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u300d\u737b\u8a5e\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u651d\u653f\u738b\u5b50\u6bbf\u4e0b\u300d\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u55ac\u6cbb\u56db\u4e16\u3001\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5a01\u723e\u65af\u89aa\u738b\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u7236\u738b\u55ac\u6cbb\u4e09\u4e16\u60a3\u4e86\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u800c\u65bc1811\u81f31820\u5e74\u9593\u651d\u653f\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u502b\u6566\u7684\u651d\u653f\u8857\u3001\u651d\u653f\u516c\u5712\u90fd\u56e0\u5176\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u81ea\u7531\u526f\u520a\uff0e\u8aaa\u66f8\uff0eSpeaking<\/a><\/span>\u4ee5\u5c0f\u725b\u76ae\u548c\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u7d0b\u7d19\u91cd\u65b0\u88dd\u5e40\u7684\u4e09\u5377\u672c\u9996\u7248\u300a\u827e\u746a\u300b\u3002
\n<\/span>
\n\u4ee5\u5c0f\u725b\u76ae\u548c\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u7d0b\u7d19\u91cd\u65b0\u88dd\u5e40\u7684\u4e09\u5377\u672c\u9996\u7248\u300a\u827e\u746a\u300b\u3002
\n\uff08Courtesy of Peter Harrington\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5982\u6b64\u300c\u606d\u9806\u3001\u8b19\u5351\u300d\u4e14\u8089\u9ebb\u7684\u737b\u8a5e\uff0c\u5be6\u975e\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u6240\u9858\u3002\u8a71\u8aaa1815\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\uff0c\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5f9e\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5c0f\u9109\u6751\u5230\u502b\u6566\u7167\u9867\u751f\u75c5\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\u4ea8\u5229\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\uff0c\u66ff\u4ea8\u5229\u770b\u75c5\u7684\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u651d\u653f\u738b\u5b50\u7684\u91ab\u751f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u662f\u533f\u540d\u51fa\u66f8\uff0c\u4f46\u89aa\u53cb\u5708\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u5979\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u77e5\u6089\u5979\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u3002\u67d0\u65e5\u91ab\u751f\u544a\u8a34\u5967\u65af\u6c40\uff0c\u738b\u5b50\u5f88\u6b23\u8cde\u5979\u7684\u5e7e\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f4f\u6240\u90fd\u5404\u64fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u89ba\u5f97\u6709\u7fa9\u52d9\u8b93\u738b\u5b50\u77e5\u66c9\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5c0f\u59d0\u6b63\u597d\u5728\u502b\u6566\uff1b\u738b\u5b50\u6b21\u65e5\u7acb\u5373\u5dee\u9063\u4ed6\u7684\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u9928\u9577\u8a79\u59c6\u58eb\uff0e\u53f2\u9a30\u90a3\uff0e\u514b\u62c9\u514b\uff08James Stanier Clarke\uff09\u9080\u8acb\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u53c3\u89c0\u4ed6\u7684\u8c6a\u83ef\u5c45\u6240\u5361\u723e\u9813\u5e9c\u7684\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u572811\u6708\u53c3\u8a2a\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u6642\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u5ba3\u7a31\u4ed6\u53d7\u547d\u65bc\u738b\u5b50\uff0c\u8f49\u544a\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u53ef\u5c07\u5979\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u737b\u7d66\u738b\u5b50\uff0c\u7121\u9808\u4e3b\u52d5\u8acb\u6c42\uff1b\u5982\u6b64\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5c0d\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7121\u7570\u662f\u7687\u5bb6\u4e0b\u9054\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5979\u5c0d\u738b\u5b50\u7121\u597d\u611f\uff0c\u4e5f\u96e3\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5f9e\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u5979\u662f\u52d9\u5be6\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e14\u5979\u9084\u6709\u54e5\u54e5\u8207\u5f1f\u5f1f\u4efb\u8077\u65bc\u7687\u5bb6\u6d77\u8ecd\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6b63\u662f\u300a\u827e\u746a\u300b\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u7de8\u6392\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u52a0\u4e0a\u9019\u984c\u737b\u9801\uff0c\u737b\u8a5e\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u8207\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u64ec\u5b9a\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u66fe\u5169\u5ea6\u71b1\u5207\u63d0\u4e86\u4e9b\u53ef\u7b11\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u984c\u6750\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u672a\u4f86\u80fd\u5beb\u5165\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u88ab\u5973\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5acc\u60e1\u8207\u5a49\u62d2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66fe\u88ab\u51b7\u85cf\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u300c\u5c0f\u773e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u300d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u751f\u524d\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u56db\u90e8\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u96d6\u975e\u71b1\u9580\u7684\u66a2\u92b7\u66f8\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u662f\u66ff\u5979\u5e36\u4f86\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u3002\u5979\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u81ea\u8cbb\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5f97\u627f\u64d4\u5370\u88fd\u8207\u5ee3\u544a\u7684\u8cbb\u7528\uff0c\u50c5\u59d4\u8a17\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u4ee3\u70ba\u8655\u7406\u7de8\u5370\u3001\u767c\u884c\u4e8b\u52d9\uff0c\u5c0d\u65b9\u62bd\u53d6\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\u7684\u4f63\u91d1\u3002\u300a\u7406\u6027\u8207\u611f\u6027\u300b\u521d\u7248\u4e03\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u518a\u5f88\u5feb\u552e\u7f44\uff0c\u5979\u6de8\u5f97\u4e00\u767e\u56db\u5341\u82f1\u938a\uff0c\u518d\u7248\u53c8\u5f97\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u82f1\u938a\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u5979\u4ee5\u4e00\u767e\u4e00\u5341\u82f1\u938a\u5c07\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u7684\u7248\u6b0a\u8ce3\u65b7\u7d66\u51fa\u7248\u5546\uff0c\u8ab0\u77e5\u9019\u90e8\u66f8\u8ce3\u5f97\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u9996\u5370\u91cf\u7d04\u4e00\u5343\u4e94\u767e\u518a\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6578\u5ea6\u518d\u7248\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u5206\u7d05\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5979\u65e5\u5f8c\u7684\u66f8\u90fd\u4fdd\u6709\u7248\u6b0a\uff0c\u63a1\u59d4\u8a17\u51fa\u7248\u3001\u4f63\u91d1\u5236\u3002\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u751f\u524d\u7684\u7a05\u524d\u51fa\u7248\u7e3d\u6536\u76ca\u4f30\u8a08\u7d04\u516d\u767e\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u82f1\u938a\uff0c\u7b49\u503c\u65bc\u73fe\u4eca\u4e94\u842c\u82f1\u938a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u3010\u81ea\u7531\u526f\u520a\uff0e\u8aaa\u66f8\uff0eSpeaking<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u6a39\u7d0b\u5c0f\u725b\u76ae\u6280\u6cd5\u91cd\u65b0\u88dd\u5e40\u7684\u4e09\u5377\u672c\u9996\u7248\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u3002
\n\uff08Courtesy of Peter Harrington\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

1817\u5e747\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u75c5\u5371\u7684\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u5728\u59ca\u59ca\u7684\u61f7\u4e2d\u96e2\u4e16\uff0c\u5979\u751f\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u90e8\u5c0f\u8aaa\u300a\u52f8\u670d\u300b\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u5e7412\u6708\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65e9\u671f\u5b8c\u6210\u537b\u88ab\u51b7\u85cf\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa\u300a\u8afe\u6851\u683c\u5bfa\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u56db\u5377\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5408\u4f75\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u66f8\u540d\u9801\u6bd4\u7167\u4ee5\u5f80\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u8aaa\u660e\u6b64\u66f8\u51fa\u81ea\u300c\u300a\u50b2\u6162\u8207\u504f\u898b\u300b\u3001\u300a\u66fc\u65af\u83f2\u723e\u5fb7\u838a\u5712\u300b\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u66f8\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u9644\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u54e5\u54e5\u4ea8\u5229\u57f7\u7b46\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0f\u50b3\uff0c\u6587\u4e2d\u9996\u5ea6\u516c\u958b\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u8afe\u6851\u683c\u5bfa\u300b\u521d\u7a3f\u7d04\u5b8c\u6210\u65bc1799\u5e74\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u66f8\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u8607\u73ca\u300b\uff08Susan\uff09\uff0c\u53d6\u81ea\u66f8\u4e2d\u5973\u4e3b\u89d2\u4e4b\u540d\u30021803\u5e74\u6625\u5929\uff0c\u6c92\u6c92\u7121\u540d\u7684\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u900f\u904e\u4ea8\u5229\u7684\u5f8b\u5e2b\u5c07\u7248\u6b0a\u4ee5\u5341\u82f1\u938a\u7684\u50f9\u683c\uff08\u73fe\u4eca\u7d04\u516b\u767e\u4e5d\u5341\u4e03\u82f1\u938a\uff09\uff0c\u8ce3\u7d66\u4e86\u4e00\u5bb6\u502b\u6566\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u4e26\u4ea4\u4ed8\u66f8\u7a3f\uff0c\u4f46\u904e\u4e86\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u537b\u9072\u9072\u672a\u898b\u66f8\u7684\u8e64\u5f71\u30021809\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u5fcd\u7121\u53ef\u5fcd\u7684\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u523b\u610f\u6311\u4e86\u500b\u5047\u540d\u300c\u827e\u8a31\u6566\uff0e\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u592a\u592a\u300d\uff08Mrs. Ashton Dennis\uff09\u53bb\u51fd\u7d66\u51fa\u7248\u5546\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u300a\u8607\u73ca\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7d66\u500b\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u4fe1\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u614e\u5c07\u539f\u7a3f\u907a\u5931\uff0c\u5979\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u5167\u63d0\u4f9b\u53e6\u4e00\u4efd\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u6536\u5230\u7a3f\u5b50\u5f8c\uff0c\u5f97\u5373\u523b\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5ef6\u9072\uff0c\u82e5\u5728\u5e7e\u65e5\u5167\u672a\u6536\u5230\u56de\u8986\uff0c\u5979\u5c07\u53e6\u8993\u51fa\u7248\u65b9\u3002\u4fe1\u672b\u5979\u4ee5\u5047\u540d\u7684\u7e2e\u5bebM\uff0eA\uff0eD\u7f72\u540d\uff0c\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u300c\u751f\u6c23\u7684\u3001\u60f1\u706b\u7684\u3001\u760b\u72c2\u7684\u300d\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u61a4\u6012\u4e4b\u9918\u9084\u4e0d\u5931\u5979\u6163\u6709\u7684\u5e7d\u9ed8\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u65e9\u5e74\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ef0\u6155\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u5c6c\u5c0f\u773e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u30021817\u5e74\u5979\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u51fa\u6e05\u524d\u5169\u90e8\u66f8\u7684\u5eab\u5b58\uff0c1820\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5bb6\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u51fa\u6e05\u300a\u827e\u746a\u300b\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\u53c8\u51fa\u6e05\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\u7684\u300a\u66fc\u65af\u83f2\u723e\u5fb7\u838a\u5712\u300b\u8207\u9996\u7248\u7684\u300a\u8afe\u6851\u683c\u5bfa\u300b\u3001\u300a\u52f8\u670d\u300b\u5408\u8f2f\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u7684\u66f8\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u7d55\u7248\u4e86\u5341\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7248\u672c\u5370\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u52301833\u5e74\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u516d\u90e8\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5168\u6578\u6536\u9304\u65bc\u51fa\u7248\u5546Richard Bentley\u7684\u300c\u6a19\u6e96\u5c0f\u8aaa\u7cfb\u5217\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5979\u65e5\u5f8c\u5ee3\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u5e8f\u66f2\uff1b\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u73cd\uff0e\u5967\u65af\u6c40\u8207\u66f8\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\uff0c\u672a\u4f86\u518d\u7e8c\u3002\u8b39\u4ee5\u6b64\u6587\u7d00\u5ff5\u9019\u4f4d\u8207\u6211\u540c\u4e00\u5929\u751f\u65e5\u7684\u50b3\u5947\u5973\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3002\u25cf<\/p>\n

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