{"id":887,"date":"2014-10-11T11:38:46","date_gmt":"2014-10-11T03:38:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/?page_id=887"},"modified":"2016-09-28T18:20:33","modified_gmt":"2016-09-28T10:20:33","slug":"1-1%e4%b8%bb%e9%a1%8c1-%e7%9f%a5%e5%85%b6%e7%84%b6%e7%9f%a5%e5%85%b6%e6%89%80%e4%bb%a5%e7%84%b6","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/?page_id=887","title":{"rendered":"1-1\u4e3b\u984c1-\u77e5\u5176\u7136\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u7136"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u7d71\u8a08\u7c21\u53f2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u3010\u73fe\u4ee3\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3011\u6234\u4e45\u6c38<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u65e9\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u537b\u9072\u81f3\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u8449\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u548c\u6a5f\u7387\u8ad6\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u7570\u5e38\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u7d71\u8a08\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u6a5f\u7387\u8ad6\u7684\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5f8c\u8005\u5be6\u70ba\u524d\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u300a <a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"?page_id=889\">\u91cd\u9ede\u7bc0\u9304<\/a> \u300b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u300a<a href=\"http:\/\/episte.math.ntu.edu.tw\/articles\/mm\/mm_03_3_09\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u5b8c\u6574\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u4f86\u6e90<\/a>\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u3010\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u793e\u6703\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u2013\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3011\uff0c\u738b\u79c0\u96f2\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u8f9b\u5927\u5b78\u79d1\u5b78\u53f2\u535a\u58eb<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u8ff7\u6200\uff0c\u662f\u904e\u53bb\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u9010\u6f38\u57f9\u990a\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u800c\u9019\u6bb5\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u8207\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u767c\u751f\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u9769\u547d\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\uff0c\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5305\u542b\u8a31\u591a\u601d\u60f3\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5be6\u8b49\u614b\u5ea6\u8207\u5c0d\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u5247\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5c0d\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u7279\u5225\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u300a <a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"?page_id=891\">\u91cd\u9ede\u7bc0\u9304<\/a> \u300b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/scitechvista.nat.gov.tw\/zh-tw\/Articles\/C\/4\/10\/10\/1\/322.htm\" target=\"_blank\">\u5b8c\u6574\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u4f86\u6e90<\/a>\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u3010\u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 &#8211; \u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u3011<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u7d71\u8a08\u624b\u6cd5\u6700\u65e9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u516c\u5143\u524d5\u4e16\u7d00\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u8457\u4f5c\u4f86\u81ea\u516c\u51439\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u300a\u5bc6\u78bc\u7834\u8b6f\u300b\uff08Manuscript on Deciphering Cryptographic Messages\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\uff0c\u7531\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u80af\u8fea\u7de8\u8457\u3002\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u80af\u8fea\u8a73\u7d30\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u6599\u548c\u983b\u7387\u5206\u6790\u9032\u884c\u5bc6\u78bc\u7834\u8b6f\u3002\u6839\u64da\u6c99\u70cf\u5730\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u6b23\u00b7\u963f\u51f1\u7b1b\uff08Ibrahim Al-Kadi\uff09\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u548c\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u540c\u8a95\u751f\u4e86\u3002&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u300a <a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"?page_id=893\">\u91cd\u9ede\u7bc0\u9304 <\/a>\u300b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u300a<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.m.wikipedia.org\/zh-tw\/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%AD%A6\" target=\"_blank\">\u5b8c\u6574\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u4f86\u6e90<\/a>\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u3010MBA\u667a\u5e93\u767e\u79d1 &#8211; \u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u3011<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7684\u82f1\u6587statistics\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u6e90\u65bc\u73fe\u4ee3\u62c9\u4e01\u6587statisticum collegium (\u570b\u6703)\u4ee5\u53ca\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u6587 statista (\u570b\u6c11\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6)\u3002 \u5fb7\u6587Statistik\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u7531Gottfried Achenwall(1749)\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u9032\u884c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5b78\u554f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7814\u7a76\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u5728\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u6578\u64da\u4ee5\u53ca\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u63a2\u7a76\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7531John Sinclair\u5f15\u9032\u5230\u82f1\u8a9e\u4e16\u754c\u3002&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u300a<a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"?page_id=883\"> \u91cd\u9ede\u7bc0\u9304<\/a> \u300b<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u300a<a href=\"http:\/\/wiki.mbalib.com\/zh-tw\/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%AD%A6\" target=\"_blank\">\u5b8c\u6574\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u4f86\u6e90<\/a>\u300b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u5b78\u7fd2\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u7121\u8ad6\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u79d1\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u7d71\u8a08\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5b78\u7fd2\u300c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u8b58\u8b80\u80fd\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u542b\u5c0d\u65bc\u89e3\u8b80\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u300c\u5c08\u696d\u898b\u89e3\u300d\u8207\u5c0d\u65bc\u770b\u7a7f\u96b1\u542b\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u300c\u7d20\u990a\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5177\u5099\u4e86\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u300c\u5c08\u696d\u80fd\u529b\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u300c\u7d20\u990a\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u7684\u57f9\u990a\uff0c\u301d\u7d71\u8a08\u201d\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6dea\u70ba\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5806\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u6574\u7406\u8207\u8868\u6dfa\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53ea\u770b\u5230\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u5831\u8868\u8207\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5224\u65b7\u4e0d\u51fa\u5c08\u696d\u6578\u64da\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u8005\u5229\u7528\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u5b57\u505a\u6c7a\u7b56\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u5176\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u6bd4\u505a\u932f\u4e8b\u66f4\u56b4\u91cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u5982\u4f55\u5b78\u7fd2\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u300c\u5c08\u696d\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u8207\u300c\u7d20\u990a\u80fd\u529b\u300d\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u300c\u5c08\u696d\u80fd\u529b\u300d<\/strong><\/span>\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u8ab2\u5802\u4e0a\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u301d\u6578\u64da\u301e\u6b63\u78ba\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8868\u9054\uff0c\u88e1\u9762\u5305\u542b\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u8207\u80cc\u5f8c\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u6709\u5169\u500b\u91cd\u9ede\u63d0\u4f9b\u53c3\u8003\u5efa\u8b70\uff1a<strong>(1)\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u61c9\u7528<\/strong>\uff1b<strong>(2)\u66f4\u591a\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e86\u89e3<\/strong>\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u8981\u5206\u6790\u6216\u662f\u89e3\u8b80\u300c\u6578\u64da\u300d\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5c07\u6578\u64da\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff1b\u66f4\u591a\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6301\u7e8c\u5b78\u7fd2\u7d71\u8a08\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u8207\u66f4\u9032\u968e\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5354\u52a9\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6700\u5408\u9069\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8a6e\u91cb\u300c\u6578\u64da\u300d\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u300c\u7d20\u990a\u80fd\u529b\u300d<\/strong><\/span>\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u5247\u662f\u8981\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\uff0c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f86\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a(1)<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>\u6a21\u4eff\u4e2d\u5b78\u7fd2<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u770b\u5c08\u696d\u6587\u7ae0\u5831\u5c0e\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5225\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u300c\u6578\u64da\u300d\u505a\u5448\u73fe\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u8207\u5224\u8b80\uff1b(2)<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>\u8a13\u7df4\u81ea\u5df1\u7570\u4f4d\u601d\u8003<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u770b\u540c\u4e00\u7d44\u300c\u6578\u64da\u300d\uff0c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u5225\u4eba\u9084\u6c92\u770b\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff1f\u6216\u662f\u5617\u8a66\u6311\u6230\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u8aa4\u7528\u7d71\u8a08\u8a08\u7b97\u6216\u5224\u8b80\u7684\u8aa4\u8b2c\uff1f\u751a\u81f3\u61f7\u7591\u300c\u6578\u64da\u300d\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff1f(3)<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u958b\u653e\u6027\u7684\u614b\u5ea6<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u5229\u6216\u662f\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5920\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u4f86\u770b\u5f85\u6578\u64da\u6240\u8981\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\u7684\u300c\u4e8b\u5be6\u300d\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u6709\u5229\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u5224\u65b7\u6216\u662f\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u300c\u7d20\u990a\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u7684\u990a\u6210\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u8e74\u53ef\u5e7e\u770b\u66f8\u672c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b78\u6703\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u81ea\u5df1\u52d5\u904e\u8166\u3001\u601d\u8003\u904e\u5f8c\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9a\u898b\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u95b1\u6b77\u6108\u5ee3\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u5b78\u7fd2\u6108\u591a\uff0c\u6703\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u301d\u719f\u7a14\u201d\u8207\u301d\u6e96\u78ba\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u990a\u6210\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u300c\u5c08\u696d\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6b65\u57f9\u990a\u300c\u7d20\u990a\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u8a13\u7df4\u81ea\u5df1<strong>\u591a\u95b1\u8b80<\/strong>\uff08\u589e\u52a0\u5ee3\u5ea6\uff09\u3001<strong>\u591a\u601d\u8003<\/strong>\uff08\u8a13\u7df4\u6df1\u5ea6\uff09\u3001<strong>\u591a\u8868\u9054<\/strong>\uff08\u900f\u904e\u8aaa\u3001\u5beb\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a0\u5f37\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4e09\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\u5b78\u7fd2\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u8207\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">1.<strong>\u5f9e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5fc5\u8981<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">2.<strong>\u5f9e\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">3.<strong>\u5f9e\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2192 \u300c<a href=\"?page_id=881\">\u5b78\u7fd2\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/a>\u300d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u6eff\u8db3\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u300c\u7d71\u8a08\u5287\u672c\u300d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u63cf\u8ff0\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u63cf\u8ff0\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78(descriptive statistics)\u53c8\u7a31\u6558\u8ff0\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\uff0c\u662f\u5c07\u89c0\u5bdf\u91cf\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7d71\u8a08\u5206\u6790\u5f8c\uff0c\u7528\u6578\u64da\u3001\u5716\u8868\u6216\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u900f\u904e\u5716\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c0d\u6240\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9032\u884c\u52a0\u5de5\u8655\u7406\u548c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u50b3\u9054\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9054\u5230\u73fe\u8c61\u89e3\u91cb\u3001\u6e9d\u901a\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3001\u6c7a\u7b56\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u5716\u793a\u5316\u5448\u73fe<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u5c07\u8cc7\u6599\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u5716\u8868\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c0\u77ad\u89e3\u6574\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6599\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u983b\u7387\u5206\u4f48\u8868 (frequency distribution table)\u8207\u5716\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u591a\u908a\u5716(polygon)\u3001\u76f4\u65b9\u5716(histogram, bar chart)\u3001\u5713\u5f62\u5716(pie chart)\u3001\u6563\u9ede\u5716(scatter plot)\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u5c55\u73fe\u8cc7\u6599\u7279\u8cea<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u6536\u96c6\u89c0\u5bdf\u503c\u96c6\u4e2d\u8207\u5206\u6563\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6cc1\u72c0\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u89c0\u6e2c\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u25cf\u4e86\u89e3\u6574\u9ad4\u6578\u64da\u7684<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u96c6\u4e2d\u91cf\u6578<\/span>(measure of central location)\uff5e<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u5e73\u5747\u6578(Mean)\u3001\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6578(Median, Md)\u3001\u773e\u6578(Mode, Mo)\u3001\u5e7e\u4f55\u5e73\u5747\u6578(Geometric mean, GM)\u3001\u8abf\u548c\u5e73\u5747\u6578(Harmonic mean, HM)\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u25cf\u4e86\u89e3<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u8b8a\u7570\u91cf\u6578<\/span>(measure of variation)\uff5e<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 90px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u5168\u8ddd(range)\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5dee(average deviation, AD)\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u5dee(standard deviation, SD)\u3001\u76f8\u5c0d\u5dee\u3001\u56db\u5206\u5dee(quartile deviation)\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u63a8\u8ad6\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u63a8\u8ad6\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\uff08\u6216\u7a31\u7d71\u8a08\u63a8\u8ad6\uff0cinferential statistics\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u64da\u6a23\u672c\u6578\u64da\u53bb\u63a8\u65b7\u7e3d\u9ad4\u6578\u91cf\u7279\u5fb5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u5c0d\u6a23\u672c\u6578\u64da\u9032\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c0d\u7d71\u8a08\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u6578\u91cf\u7279\u5fb5\u505a\u51fa\u4ee5\u6a5f\u7387\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u63a8\u65b7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u63a8\u8ad6\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u4f9d\u7167\u6bcd\u9ad4\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u6027\u53c8\u53ef\u5206\u70ba\u201c\u6709\u53c3\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u201d(Parametric Statistics)\u548c\u201c\u7121\u53c3\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u201d(Non-Parametric Statistics)\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u53c3\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u662f\u6307\u6bcd\u9ad4\u5448\u5e38\u614b\u5206\u914d(Normal Distridbution)\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u63a8\u8ad6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u975e\u5e38\u614b\u5206\u914d\u6bcd\u9ad4\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u63a8\u8ad6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u7a31\u70ba\u7121\u53c3\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u3002\u6709\u53c3\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u6bd4\u7121\u53c3\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u767c\u5c55\u5f97\u65e9\uff0c\u5176\u7d93\u5178\u8ab2\u984c\u6709\u201c\u9ede\u4f30\u8a08\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5340\u9593\u4f30\u8a08\u201d\u8207\u201c\u5047\u8a2d\u6aa2\u9a57\u201d\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u6578\u7406\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u6578\u7406\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\uff08Mathematical Statistics\uff09\u662f\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u5f9e\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\uff1b\u6578\u7406\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u662f\u4ee5\u6a5f\u7387\u8ad6\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u793e\u6703\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u96a8\u6a5f\u73fe\u8c61\u6578\u91cf\u8b8a\u5316\u57fa\u672c\u898f\u5f8b\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\u6709\u53c3\u6578\u4f30\u8a08\u3001\u5047\u8a2d\u6aa2\u9a57\u3001\u76f8\u95dc\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u975e\u53c3\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u3001\u904e\u7a0b\u7d71\u8a08\u7b49\u3002\u7528\u6578\u7406\u7d71\u8a08\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u969b\u554f\u984c\u6642\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u6578\u5b78\u6a21\u578b \u2192 \u78ba\u5b9a\u6578\u64da\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u5f0f \u2192 \u5b89\u6392\u7279\u5b9a\u5be6\u9a57\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u6578\u64da \u2192 \u6578\u64da\u6574\u7406 \u2192 \u7d71\u8a08\u63a8\u8ad6 \u2192 \u9810\u6e2c\u5224\u65b7 \u2192 \u9032\u884c\u6c7a\u7b56\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u74b0\u7bc0\u4e0d\u80fd\u622a\u7136\u5206\u958b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6309\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b21\u5e8f\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u932f\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u6578\u7406\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u9818\u57df<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u6240\u95dc\u5207\u7684\u9818\u57df\u5f88\u5ee3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6578\u7406\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5b78\u79d1\u5206\u985e\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5f88\u96e3\u6709\u500b\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u5206\u985e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u7565\u5283\u5206\u70ba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u985e\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">1.\u62bd\u6a23\u8abf\u67e5\u548c\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5728\u89c0\u6e2c\u548c\u5be6\u9a57\u6578\u64da\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u4e2d\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">2.\u7d71\u8a08\u63a8\u8ad6\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u8b70\u984c\u6709\uff5e<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2460\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u63a8\u8ad6\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u53c3\u6578\u4f30\u8a08\u548c\u5047\u8a2d\u6aa2\u9a57\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2461\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u5982\u8c9d\u8449\u65af\u7d71\u8a08\u8207\u7d71\u8a08\u6c7a\u7b56\u7406\u8ad6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2462\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u6a23\u672c\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5982\u7121\u6bcd\u6578\u7d71\u8a08\u3001\u591a\u5143\u7d71\u8a08\u5206\u6790\u3001\u56de\u6b78\u5206\u6790\u3001\u76f8\u95dc\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5e8f\u8cab\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790\u548c\u96a8\u6a5f\u904e\u7a0b\u7d71\u8a08\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">3.\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u554f\u984c\u800c\u767c\u5c55\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u7522\u54c1\u62bd\u6a23\u6aa2\u9a57\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7d71\u8a08\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u8cea\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7d71\u8a08\u7c21\u53f2 \u3010\u73fe\u4ee3\u7d71\u8a08\u5b78\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3011\u6234\u4e45\u6c38 \u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u65e9\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7d71<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":885,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/887"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=887"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1638,"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/887\/revisions\/1638"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/si.secda.info\/kevinho_stat\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}